本文提出了一种新的方法，可以通过蒙特卡洛树搜索来控制象征性音乐的情感。我们使用蒙特卡洛树搜索作为一种解码机制来指导语言模型学到的概率分布朝着给定的情感。在解码过程的每个步骤中，我们都会使用树木（Puct）的预测指标上的置信度来搜索分别由情绪分类器和歧视器给出的情感和质量平均值的序列。我们将语言模型用作管道的政策，并将情感分类器和歧视器的组合作为其价值功能。为了解码一段音乐中的下一个令牌，我们从搜索过程中创建的节点访问的分布中进行采样。我们使用直接从生成的样品计算的一组客观指标来评估生成样品相对于人类组成的碎片的质量。我们还进行了一项用户研究，以评估人类受试者如何看待生成的样品的质量和情感。我们将派斗与随机双目标梁搜索（SBB）和条件采样（CS）进行了比较。结果表明，在音乐质量和情感的几乎所有指标中，Puct的表现都优于SBB和CS。

网络科学将自己确立为建模时间序列和复杂系统的重要工具。这个建模过程包括将集合或单个时间序列转换为网络。节点可以代表完整的时间序列，段或单个值，而链接定义了所代表部分之间的关​​联或相似性。 R是数据科学，统计和机器学习中使用的主要编程语言之一，并提供许多软件包。但是，没有单个软件包提供将时间序列转换为网络的必要方法。本文介绍了TS2NET，这是一个用于将一个或多个时间序列建模为网络的R软件包。该软件包提供了时间序列距离函数，可以在超级计算机和超级计算机中轻松计算，以处理较大的数据集和方法，以将距离矩阵转换为网络。 TS2NET还提供了将单个时间序列转换为网络的方法，例如复发网络，可见性图和过渡网络。与其他软件包一起，TS2NET允许使用网络科学和图形挖掘工具从时间序列中提取信息。

序列在许多真实的情况下出现；因此，识别符号生成背后的机制对于理解许多复杂系统至关重要。本文分析了在网络拓扑上行走的代理产生的序列。鉴于在许多实际情况下，生成序列的基础过程是隐藏的，我们研究了通过共发生方法重建网络是否对恢复网络拓扑和代理动力学生成序列很有用。我们发现，重建网络的表征提供了有关用于创建序列的过程和拓扑的有价值的信息。在考虑16种网络拓扑和代理动力学组合的机器学习方法中，我们获得了87％的精度，序列生成的序列少于访问量的少于40％。事实证明，较大的序列可以生成改进的机器学习模型。我们的发现表明，可以扩展所提出的方法以对序列进行分类并了解序列产生背后的机制。

在许多实际应用程序中，强化学习（RL）代理可能必须解决多个任务，每个任务通常都是通过奖励功能建模的。如果奖励功能是线性表达的，并且代理商以前已经学会了一组针对不同任务的策略，则可以利用后继功能（SFS）来组合此类策略并确定有关新问题的合理解决方案。但是，确定的解决方案不能保证是最佳的。我们介绍了一种解决此限制的新颖算法。它允许RL代理结合现有政策并直接确定任意新问题的最佳政策，而无需与环境进行任何进一步的互动。我们首先（在轻度假设下）表明，SFS解决的转移学习问题等同于学习在RL中优化多个目标的学习问题。然后，我们引入了基于SF的乐观线性支持算法的扩展，以学习一组SFS构成凸面覆盖范围集的策略。我们证明，该集合中的策略可以通过广义策略改进组合，以构建任何可表达的新任务的最佳行为，而无需任何其他培训样本。我们从经验上表明，在价值函数近似下，我们的方法在离散和连续域中优于最先进的竞争算法。

While the brain connectivity network can inform the understanding and diagnosis of developmental dyslexia, its cause-effect relationships have not yet enough been examined. Employing electroencephalography signals and band-limited white noise stimulus at 4.8 Hz (prosodic-syllabic frequency), we measure the phase Granger causalities among channels to identify differences between dyslexic learners and controls, thereby proposing a method to calculate directional connectivity. As causal relationships run in both directions, we explore three scenarios, namely channels' activity as sources, as sinks, and in total. Our proposed method can be used for both classification and exploratory analysis. In all scenarios, we find confirmation of the established right-lateralized Theta sampling network anomaly, in line with the temporal sampling framework's assumption of oscillatory differences in the Theta and Gamma bands. Further, we show that this anomaly primarily occurs in the causal relationships of channels acting as sinks, where it is significantly more pronounced than when only total activity is observed. In the sink scenario, our classifier obtains 0.84 and 0.88 accuracy and 0.87 and 0.93 AUC for the Theta and Gamma bands, respectively.

Differentiable Architecture Search (DARTS) has attracted considerable attention as a gradient-based Neural Architecture Search (NAS) method. Since the introduction of DARTS, there has been little work done on adapting the action space based on state-of-art architecture design principles for CNNs. In this work, we aim to address this gap by incrementally augmenting the DARTS search space with micro-design changes inspired by ConvNeXt and studying the trade-off between accuracy, evaluation layer count, and computational cost. To this end, we introduce the Pseudo-Inverted Bottleneck conv block intending to reduce the computational footprint of the inverted bottleneck block proposed in ConvNeXt. Our proposed architecture is much less sensitive to evaluation layer count and outperforms a DARTS network with similar size significantly, at layer counts as small as 2. Furthermore, with less layers, not only does it achieve higher accuracy with lower GMACs and parameter count, GradCAM comparisons show that our network is able to better detect distinctive features of target objects compared to DARTS.

We propose an ensemble approach to predict the labels in linear programming word problems. The entity identification and the meaning representation are two types of tasks to be solved in the NL4Opt competition. We propose the ensembleCRF method to identify the named entities for the first task. We found that single models didn't improve for the given task in our analysis. A set of prediction models predict the entities. The generated results are combined to form a consensus result in the ensembleCRF method. We present an ensemble text generator to produce the representation sentences for the second task. We thought of dividing the problem into multiple small tasks due to the overflow in the output. A single model generates different representations based on the prompt. All the generated text is combined to form an ensemble and produce a mathematical meaning of a linear programming problem.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss in the world, and early DR detection is necessary to prevent vision loss and support an appropriate treatment. In this work, we leverage interactive machine learning and introduce a joint learning framework, termed DRG-Net, to effectively learn both disease grading and multi-lesion segmentation. Our DRG-Net consists of two modules: (i) DRG-AI-System to classify DR Grading, localize lesion areas, and provide visual explanations; (ii) DRG-Expert-Interaction to receive feedback from user-expert and improve the DRG-AI-System. To deal with sparse data, we utilize transfer learning mechanisms to extract invariant feature representations by using Wasserstein distance and adversarial learning-based entropy minimization. Besides, we propose a novel attention strategy at both low- and high-level features to automatically select the most significant lesion information and provide explainable properties. In terms of human interaction, we further develop DRG-Net as a tool that enables expert users to correct the system's predictions, which may then be used to update the system as a whole. Moreover, thanks to the attention mechanism and loss functions constraint between lesion features and classification features, our approach can be robust given a certain level of noise in the feedback of users. We have benchmarked DRG-Net on the two largest DR datasets, i.e., IDRID and FGADR, and compared it to various state-of-the-art deep learning networks. In addition to outperforming other SOTA approaches, DRG-Net is effectively updated using user feedback, even in a weakly-supervised manner.

In the era of noisy intermediate scale quantum devices, variational quantum circuits (VQCs) are currently one of the main strategies for building quantum machine learning models. These models are made up of a quantum part and a classical part. The quantum part is given by a parametrization $U$, which, in general, is obtained from the product of different quantum gates. By its turn, the classical part corresponds to an optimizer that updates the parameters of $U$ in order to minimize a cost function $C$. However, despite the many applications of VQCs, there are still questions to be answered, such as for example: What is the best sequence of gates to be used? How to optimize their parameters? Which cost function to use? How the architecture of the quantum chips influences the final results? In this article, we focus on answering the last question. We will show that, in general, the cost function will tend to a typical average value the closer the parameterization used is from a $2$-design. Therefore, the closer this parameterization is to a $2$-design, the less the result of the quantum neural network model will depend on its parametrization. As a consequence, we can use the own architecture of the quantum chips to defined the VQC parametrization, avoiding the use of additional swap gates and thus diminishing the VQC depth and the associated errors.

This paper deals with the problem of statistical and system heterogeneity in a cross-silo Federated Learning (FL) framework where there exist a limited number of Consumer Internet of Things (CIoT) devices in a smart building. We propose a novel Graph Signal Processing (GSP)-inspired aggregation rule based on graph filtering dubbed ``G-Fedfilt''. The proposed aggregator enables a structured flow of information based on the graph's topology. This behavior allows capturing the interconnection of CIoT devices and training domain-specific models. The embedded graph filter is equipped with a tunable parameter which enables a continuous trade-off between domain-agnostic and domain-specific FL. In the case of domain-agnostic, it forces G-Fedfilt to act similar to the conventional Federated Averaging (FedAvg) aggregation rule. The proposed G-Fedfilt also enables an intrinsic smooth clustering based on the graph connectivity without explicitly specified which further boosts the personalization of the models in the framework. In addition, the proposed scheme enjoys a communication-efficient time-scheduling to alleviate the system heterogeneity. This is accomplished by adaptively adjusting the amount of training data samples and sparsity of the models' gradients to reduce communication desynchronization and latency. Simulation results show that the proposed G-Fedfilt achieves up to $3.99\% $ better classification accuracy than the conventional FedAvg when concerning model personalization on the statistically heterogeneous local datasets, while it is capable of yielding up to $2.41\%$ higher accuracy than FedAvg in the case of testing the generalization of the models.